Self-Confidence Differences Between Extracurricular-Active and Extracurricular-Inactive Students
-
Published: December 29, 2025
-
Page: 45-49
Abstract
This study aims to compare the level of self-confidence between adolescents who are active and inactive in extracurricular activities in Kota Serang. This study employed a quantitative approach using a comparative method. The population of this study consisted of adolescents in Kota Serang, and the sample was determined using Isaac and Michael’s table. The research instrument was a Likert-scale questionnaire measuring self-confidence. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, validity and reliability testing, normality and homogeneity testing, and an independent samples t-test. The results indicate that involvement in extracurricular activities has a positive effect on increasing adolescents’ self-confidence, suggesting that schools and related educational institutions should further encourage adolescent participation in extracurricular activities as a means of psychological and social development.
- Self-Confidence
- Adolescents
- Extracurricular Activities
- Student Participation

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
- Bang, H., Won, D., & Park, S. (2020). School engagement, self-esteem, and depression of adolescents: The role of extracurricular activity participation. Journal of Adolescence, 79, 95–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.12.001
- Cho, D., & Kim, S. K. (2022). Adolescents’ self-esteem associated with solitary, passive, and active leisure activities. Sustainability, 14(9), 4873. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14094873
- Eccles, J. S., & Barber, B. L. (2016). Student council, volunteering, basketball, or marching band: What kind of extracurricular involvement matters? Journal of Adolescent Research, 31(3), 399–420. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558415615963
- Farb, A. F., & Matjasko, J. L. (2019). Recent advances in research on school-based extracurricular activities and adolescent development. Developmental Review, 51, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2018.09.001
- Fredricks, J. A., & Simpkins, S. D. (2018). Promoting positive youth development through organized after-school activities. Child Development Perspectives, 12(2), 87–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12265
- LaForge-MacKenzie, K., Drapeau, V., & McNeil, J. (2022). Participation in extracurricular activities and school sports: Associations with youth mental health. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 867755. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.867755
- Mahoney, J. L., Vandell, D. L., Simpkins, S. D., & Zarrett, N. (2015). Adolescent out-of-school activities. In R. M. Lerner (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science (7th ed., pp. 305–344). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
- O’Donnell, A. W., Deutsch, N. L., & McCoy, H. (2023). Extracurricular activity participation, school belonging, and adolescent mental health. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 52(4), 734–748. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-022-01680-7