Analysis of the relationship between leadership style and teacher work motivation in vocational high schools

  • Ermita Ermita 
    Universitas Negeri Padang
    Indonesia
  • Nelitawati Nelitawati
    Universitas Negeri Padang
    Indonesia
  • Indra Jaya
    Universitas Negeri Padang
    Indonesia
  • Nur Alifah Ulfi
    Universitas Negeri Padang
    Indonesia

Abstract

Leaders who effectively apply a leadership style can realize their goals by providing motivation. The purpose of this research is to find out and obtain information about the leadership style of school principals and teacher work motivation at SMKN 6 Padang. This research is quantitative research with a correlational approach. The research population is 100 teachers at SMKN 6 Padang, while the sample in this study was 50 teachers taken using Proportional Stratified Random Sampling calculated using the Slovin formula. The instrument used was a Likert Scale model questionnaire with five alternative answers whose results were valid and reliable. Analysis in this research uses the SPSS 24.0 program to process and analyze normality, linearity and significance tests of the relationship between the two variables. The results of this research indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between leadership style and teacher work motivation, which means that the principal's leadership style has a positive and significant relationship with teacher work motivation. The implication of the results of this research is to increase work motivation through the principal's leadership style, namely increasing the task-oriented leadership style of the principal. In addition, the results of this study show that the interpretation of the principal's leadership style towards subordinates is greater than the interpretation of the principal's task-oriented leadership style.
Keywords
  • Principal Leadership Style
  • Work motivation
References
  1. Al Kadri, H. (2011). Kontribusi Iklim Komunikasi Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Guru SMA Negeri Kota Payakumbuh. In FIP UNP.
  2. Anesti, A. F., Anisah, & Kusman, Y. (2020). Strategi Kepala Sekolah dalam Memotivasi Guru di SMPN Kecamatan Air Hangat Barat Kebupaten Kerinci. Journal Of Educational Administration And Leadership, 1(1), 7.
  3. Backfisch, I. (2020). Professional knowledge or motivation? Investigating the role of teachers’ expertise on the quality of technology-enhanced lesson plans. Learning and Instruction, 66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2019.101300
  4. Barni, D. (2019). Teachers’ self-efficacy: The role of personal values and motivations for teaching. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01645
  5. Diwiyani, D., & Sarino, A. (2018). Gaya kepemimpinan situasional kepala sekolah dan motivasi kerja guru sebagai determinan kinerja guru. Manajerial: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Sistem Informasi, 17(1), 83–94.
  6. Duraku, Z. H. (2021). Impact of Transformational and Transactional Attributes of School Principal Leadership on Teachers’ Motivation for Work. Frontiers in Education, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.659919
  7. Durksen, T. L. (2017). Motivation and collaboration: The keys to a developmental framework for teachers’ professional learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, 67, 53–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2017.05.011
  8. Elayati, M. (2015). Pengaruh keadilan imbalan dan gaya kepemimpinan berorientasi tugas terhadap perceived organizational support pada sales PT. Columbindo Perdana Cabang Semarang. Skripsi. Jurusan Psikologi. Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Negeri Semarang: Semarang.
  9. Ermita. (2015). Kepemimpinan Guru dalam Pelaksanaan Tugasnya Di Kelas. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 15(2), 10.
  10. Even, U. (2021). Teachers’ perceptions of their school principal’s leadership style and improvement in their students’ performance in specialized schools for students with conduct disorders. Management in Education. https://doi.org/10.1177/08920206211054654
  11. Gazra, R. B., Wahyudi, S., & Rahardja, E. (2016). Analisis Pengaruh Iklim Organisasi Dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Berorientasi Tugas Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Serta Dampaknya Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Studi pada PT. SOF Cabang Semarang Jawa Tengah). UNDIP; Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis.
  12. Gusti, E. (2020). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Dalam Memoderasi Hubungan Motivasi Kerja Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Negeri 6 Padang. Center for Open Science. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/tp42f
  13. Hamdana, H. (2020). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Lingkungan Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Guru SMP Negeri 1 Mattiro Bulu Kabupaten Pinrang. In Journal of Management Science (JMS) (Vol. 1, Issue 2, pp. 281–300). Program Pascasarjana Universitas Muslim Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.52103/jms.v1i2.291
  14. Han, J., & Yin, H. (2016). Teacher motivation: Definition, research development and implications for teachers. Cogent Education, 3(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2016.1217819
  15. Handayani, S. (2013). Kontribusi Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah terhadap Motivasi Kerja Guru di SD Negeri Kecamatan Sungai Pagu Kabupaten Solok Selatan. Jurnal Bahana Manajemen Pendidikan, 1(1), 8.
  16. Harbani, P. (2008). Kepemimpinan Birokrasi.
  17. Haxhihyseni, S. (2023). Impact of Principals’ Leadership Styles on Teachers’ Job Satisfaction and Motivation in Elementary Schools. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 13(4), 188–195. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2023-0101
  18. Irvansyah, R. (2022). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru Madrasah Tsanawiyah Di Kecamatan Kaliwungu Kabupaten Kudus. Center for Open Science. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/wjkqa
  19. JaarsveLd, L. Van. (2017). The Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) as a lens to study school principal leadership styles. Tydskrif Vir Geesteswetenskappe, 57(3), 799–813. https://doi.org/10.17159/2224-7912/2017/v57n3a9
  20. Khaola, P. P. (2020). The influence of school principals’ leadership behaviour and act of fairness on innovative work behaviours amongst teachers. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 18, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v18i0.1417
  21. Kristiani, S., Fitria, H., & Mulyadi, M. (2022). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru. In Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai (Vol. 6, Issue 3, p. 14064). Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai. https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v6i3.5045
  22. Kusman, Y., & Rifma. (2002). Kepemimpinan Pendidikan. Jurnal Bahana Manajemen Pendidikan.
  23. Lahakim, F., Ansar, A., & Marhawati, B. (2022). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Iklim Organisasi, dan Motivasi Kerja Guru Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Guru. In Student Journal of Educational Management (pp. 112–122). PEDAGOGIKA Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. https://doi.org/10.37411/sjem.v2i1.980
  24. Lai, H. M. (2018). The role of motivation, ability, and opportunity in university teachers’ continuance use intention for flipped teaching. Computers and Education, 124, 37–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2018.05.013
  25. Maisisri, D., Ermita, Rusdinal, & Anisah. (2021). Persepsi Guru tentang Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah di SMPNegeri Se-Kecamatan Rao Selatan Kabupaten Pasaman. Journal Of Educational Administration And Leadership, 2(1), 5.
  26. Manullang. (2008). Dasar-Dasar Manajemen. Ghalia Indonesia.
  27. Mittu, H. (2018). Impact of leadership styles of secondary school principals on work motivation of teachers in Bhutan. Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, 9(12), 1719–1724. https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2018.02237.4
  28. Mukhtar. (2019). The influence of principals’ leadership style, the organizational system and work motivation on school effectiveness. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 8(11), 91–104. https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85075037579
  29. Nasution, P. (2016). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah, pengalaman kerja dan motivasi kerja terhadap komitmen afektif guru di SMK Negeri Kota Binjai. In TABULARASA (Vol. 13, Issue 1). State University of Medan. https://doi.org/10.24114/jt.v13i1.4560
  30. Nena, M. F., Zulaihati, S., & Sumiati, A. (2021). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional, motivasi kerja, dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja guru (studi kasus guru akuntansi kejuruan bisnis dan manajemen SMK di Jakarta Pusat). In Jurnal Pendidikan Akuntansi Indonesia (Vol. 19, Issue 1, pp. 49–65). Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpai.v19i1.40396
  31. Panisoara, I. O. (2020). Motivation and continuance intention towards online instruction among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating effect of burnout and technostress. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218002
  32. Pasolong, H. (2010). Teori Administrasi Publik. Alfabeta.
  33. Raman, A. (2015). Relationship between principals’ transformational leadership style and secondary school teachers’ commitment. Asian Social Science, 11(15), 221–228. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v11n15p221
  34. Rustam, R., Murniati, N. A. N., & Wuryandini, E. (2023). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Motivasi Kerja Guru terhadap Disiplin Kerja Guru SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Kandangserang Kabupaten Pekalongan. In JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan (Vol. 6, Issue 2, pp. 1079–1082). Ainara. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i2.1298
  35. Sari, Y. P. (2021). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Motivasi Kerja Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru Smpn 3 Salimpaung Kabupaten Tanah Datar. In Jurnal Ekobistek (pp. 32–36). Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK Padang. https://doi.org/10.35134/ekobistek.v8i2.47
  36. Saryadi, S., Arafat, Y., & Destiniar, D. (2022). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan,”Motivasi dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru. In Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai (Vol. 6, Issue 2, pp. 13163–13170). Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai. https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v6i2.4537
  37. Shen, B. (2015). The relationship between teacher burnout and student motivation. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 85(4), 519–532. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12089
  38. Sudarwan, D. (2010). Profesionalisasi dan Etika Profesi Guru.
  39. Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. PT Alfabeta.
  40. Taribuka, A., & Sunaryo, J. (2015). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Berorientasi Tugas dan Berorientasi Bawahan Terhadap Kedisiplinan Pegawai Lembaga Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan Provinsi Maluku. Jurnal Ad’ministrare, 2(1), 36–45.
  41. Uno, H. B. (2016). Teori Motivasi & Pengukurannya. Cetakan keempat belas. PT. Bumi Aksara. Jakarta.
  42. Wahjosumidjo. (2001). Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah. Tinjauan Teoritik dan Permasalahannya.
  43. Widyanto, S. (2021). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Guru Melalui Kepuasan Kerja Guru SMK Yp 17 Selorejo Kabupaten Blitar. In Manajemen & Bisnis Jurnal (Vol. 7, Issue 1, pp. 46–60). LPPM Universitas Wisnuwardhana. https://doi.org/10.37303/embeji.v7i1.134
  44. Yalçınkaya, S. (2021). The effect of leadership styles and initiative behaviors of school principals on teacher motivation. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(5), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052711
  45. Yancomala, O. (2014). Hubungan gaya kepemimpinan dengan motivasi kerja pegawai di dinas pemuda dan olahraga Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Bahana Manajemen Pendidikan, 2(1), 7.
  46. Zohair, A. Z. H. (2021). High School Principals’ Situational Leadership and Its Relationship with Teachers’ Achievement Motivation. European Journal of Contemporary Education, 10(4), 1027–1041. https://doi.org/10.13187/EJCED.2021.4.1027
  47. Zulfah, A. (2023). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan motivasi kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja guru pegawai negeri sipil sekolah menengah kejuruan negeri di Eks Kawedanan Indramayu. In Edum Journal (Vol. 6, Issue 1, pp. 55–79). Universitas Wiralodra. https://doi.org/10.31943/edumjournal.v6i1.136

Downloads

PDF

Statistic

Abstract Views
: 441 times
PDF
: 6 times