Improvement of performance through learning motivation on accuracy of forehand service in badminton among students

Abstract

This study aims to examine the direct and indirect effects of arm muscle strength, eye-hand coordination, and learning motivation on forehand service accuracy in badminton among junior high school students. A quantitative approach with path analysis was used. The sample consisted of 49 male students selected through random sampling. Data were collected using a push-up test for arm muscle strength, a tennis ball throw-and-catch test for eye-hand coordination, a 50-item Likert-scale questionnaire for learning motivation, and a modified forehand service accuracy test. The findings revealed that arm muscle strength (0.393), eye-hand coordination (0.337), and learning motivation (0.278) had significant direct effects on forehand service accuracy. Additionally, arm muscle strength and eye-hand coordination showed indirect effects through learning motivation, contributing 5.2% and 3.7%, respectively. Both physical and psychological factors significantly influence forehand service accuracy. Integrating physical training and motivational strategies is essential to enhance badminton performance.